The cause of diabetes type 1 in children (juvenile diabetes) is still not known with certainty. In most people with diabetes type-1, the immune system that normally fight harmful bacteria and viruses turned out to destroy insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Genetic factors may play a role in this process and exposure to certain viruses can trigger the occurrence of diabetes type-1 in children.
Whatever the cause, having pancreatic islet cells are destroyed, the child's body will only produce little or no insulin at all. Normally, the hormone insulin helps glucose enter body cells to provide energy to the muscles and tissues. Insulin from the pancreas, a gland located just behind the stomach. When everything is working properly, after eating, the pancreas secretes more insulin into the bloodstream.
Insulin acts like a key that opens doors that allow sugar to enter the microscopic cells of the body. Insulin lowers the amount of sugar in the blood stream and when the sugar content decreases, so does the secretion of insulin from the pancreas.
The liver acts as the storage of glucose. When insulin levels are low - for example, when not eating for a while - the liver releases glycogen reserves.
Glycogen and then converted into glucose which is used to keep blood sugar levels within normal limits.
Dangerous levels of sugar in the bloodstream
In type-1 diabetes, the normal mechanism is not the case. In patients with diabetes type-1, no insulin or insulin amounted to very little, so glucose can not enter the cells optimally.
So instead of being transported into the cells, sugar builds up in the bloodstream so that children can cause life-threatening complications.
The cause of type-1 diabetes differs from diabetes type-2 in general. In type-2, islet cells are still functioning, but the body becomes resistant to insulin or other cases, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.
Whatever the cause, having pancreatic islet cells are destroyed, the child's body will only produce little or no insulin at all. Normally, the hormone insulin helps glucose enter body cells to provide energy to the muscles and tissues. Insulin from the pancreas, a gland located just behind the stomach. When everything is working properly, after eating, the pancreas secretes more insulin into the bloodstream.
Insulin acts like a key that opens doors that allow sugar to enter the microscopic cells of the body. Insulin lowers the amount of sugar in the blood stream and when the sugar content decreases, so does the secretion of insulin from the pancreas.
The liver acts as the storage of glucose. When insulin levels are low - for example, when not eating for a while - the liver releases glycogen reserves.
Glycogen and then converted into glucose which is used to keep blood sugar levels within normal limits.
Dangerous levels of sugar in the bloodstream
In type-1 diabetes, the normal mechanism is not the case. In patients with diabetes type-1, no insulin or insulin amounted to very little, so glucose can not enter the cells optimally.
So instead of being transported into the cells, sugar builds up in the bloodstream so that children can cause life-threatening complications.
The cause of type-1 diabetes differs from diabetes type-2 in general. In type-2, islet cells are still functioning, but the body becomes resistant to insulin or other cases, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.
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